ADD/ADHD

Attention-Deficit Disorder (ADD), and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are neurological ailments which cause learning or developmental problems. Often, ADD is synonymous with ADHD, since most children exhibiting signs of ADD also show the hyperactivity associated with ADHD.

The exact cause of ADHD is unknown, although some studies point to chemical imbalances within the brain. Lack of certain neurotransmitters (chemicals used by the brain in controlling behavior) could be the reason. While there appears to be a genetic link, a child of an ADHD/ADD parent won’t automatically inherit it. Likewise, parents who don’t have these disorders may have a child who does. Up to 1 in 20 children will exhibit signs of either or in the majority of cases, both.

Attention Deficit Disorder

The attention process consists of knowing who or what to pay attention to, when to pay attention and for how long. It also means avoiding distractions; those things which draw attention from the task at hand. Merely getting sidetracked is not an indicator of ADD/ADHD.

Children with ADD have difficulty comprehending what or who to pay attention to, when to begin or end a task, and where to shift gears (trouble with step-by-step processes).

• Not paying close attention to details; difficulty following instructions.
• Tendency to let mind wander; getting distracted easily.
• Frequent careless mistakes in school.
• Reluctance to do homework or projects; not finishing tasks.
• Poor planning and organizational skills.
• Forgetfulness regarding routine activities.
• Misplacing important items (homework, books, tools).

Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Hyperactive or impulsive behavior is most noticeable in toddlers or young children. In teens, this behavior is not usually characterized by running around or climbing furniture. Instead, it manifests itself the following ways.

• Fidgeting, or squirming in their seat during class.
• Being noisy or disruptive at inappropriate times.
• Talking a lot. Very excitable behavior.
• Taking action without proper planning; engaging in dangerous or risky behaviors.
• Not knowing how to get out of situations they have created.
• Butting in or interrupting others.

Dealing with ADD/ADHD

Since ADD and ADHD are physiological conditions, and not a response to social stimuli like an eating disorder, professional help is often necessary. A medical diagnosis must first be made to tell if either condition is present. This is an involved process and not one a parent (unless they are properly trained) can or should make. Leave it to the experts.

Treatments also vary greatly, and may include prescription medication. This is a decision best left to a trained physician as well, although you should be informed about the medication and its possible side effects.

Knowledge and understanding of the situation you face helps parents to better cope and relate to your child. There are many excellent books on the subject, (see book resources) and support groups are available for parents of children with ADD/ADHD.

ADD/ADHD will likely have a negative impact on your child’s self-esteem. You will need to work with them on that, and provide support. It goes without saying that you must show your afflicted child no less love, compassion and openness than you would a child who didn’t have these disorders.